mirror of
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c1eeef53c4
Major additions: - Extract all 1,621 Basthoni 2022 SQM records (46 Indonesian sites, Lampiran 2-5) via precomputed_angles.py - Add 9 new raw sighting CSVs: Abdel-Hadi Malaysia, BRIN multistation, Kassim Bahali (2017+2019), Khalifa Saudi, Moonsighting.com, Shaukat 2015 Blackburn UK, Walisongo Sulawesi - Curate aggregate D0 database (115 entries) in research/ Pipeline improvements: - Open-Topo-Data SRTM30m primary elevation API with fallback - APPROVED_RAW_CSVS allowlist prevents circular data ingestion - Pre-computed angle merge path (bypasses back-calculation for SQM data) - BAD_NOTE_MARKERS quality filter for excluded sources Collection tools: - BRIN multistation SQM processors - PDF/HTML table extractor for academic papers - Source tracking database (collection_manifest.json) Documentation: - Rewrite .wiki/Data.md and .wiki/Research.md from scratch - Expand Data-Sources.md with full Basthoni Lampiran breakdown - Add 14 researcher outreach drafts - Update .gitignore to exclude bulk/experimental files
69 lines
3.6 KiB
Markdown
69 lines
3.6 KiB
Markdown
# Aggregate D0 Values: Comparison Across Published Research
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This file compiles all known aggregate solar depression angles (D0) for Fajr and Isha from published academic research. These are NOT per-night observation records. They represent mean angles reported across multi-night observation campaigns.
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The structured data is in `aggregate_d0_values.csv` (same directory).
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## Key Findings
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### Fajr Depression Angle by Sky Quality
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| Sky Quality | D0 Range | Mean D0 | Method | Notes |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
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| Pristine/dark | 15.5-19.9 | 17.5 | SQM, naked-eye | Banyuwangi 19.9, Labuan Bajo 19.3, Jordan 19.5, Karimunjawa 15.5, Agam 16.7 |
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| Rural/somewhat dark | 13.4-17.6 | 15.0 | SQM, DSLR, photometer | LAPAN stations, Tilong 14.4, Malaysian coast, Egyptian desert, Biak 13.4 |
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| Suburban/somewhat bright | 12.3-17.0 | 13.8 | SQM | Bosscha 13.7, Pasuruan 13.9, Pontianak 12.3, Subang 12.7 |
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| Urban/bright | 9.1-14.0 | 12.6 | SQM | Mangkangkulon 12.8, Medan 11.9, Depok 13.6, 15th of May City 12.7 |
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### Isha Depression Angle by Sky Quality
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| Sky Quality | D0 Range | Mean D0 | Method | Notes |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
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| Pristine | 17.5-18.9 | 17.7 | SQM, naked-eye | Coonabarabran, Sabah, Kelantan coast |
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| Rural | 14.0-16.5 | 15.4 | SQM | Malaysia east coast, Egypt |
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| Urban (LP) | 11.5-12.9 | 12.2 | SQM | Putrajaya, Kuala Lumpur |
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### Regional Summary
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#### Southeast Asia (Indonesia + Malaysia)
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- 58 Fajr entries, 16 Isha entries (including 15 Basthoni 2022 per-site means)
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- Latitude range: 10.1S to 7.2N (equatorial)
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- Fajr D0: 11.9-19.9 (wide range driven by light pollution gradient)
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- Dark Indonesian sites (Banyuwangi, Labuan Bajo, Mombhul Beach): 19.1-19.9
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- Basthoni 2022 dark-sky mean across 594 nights: 16.3
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- Basthoni 2022 somewhat dark mean across 380 nights: 14.1
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- Basthoni 2022 somewhat bright mean across 418 nights: 13.4
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- Basthoni 2022 bright/urban mean across 229 nights: 12.8
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- LAPAN 8-station mean: 16.51 (moderate sky quality)
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- Urban LP sites (Medan 11.9, Mangkangkulon 12.8, Depok 13.6): 11.9-13.6
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- Isha data mostly from Malaysian SQM campaigns: 11.5-18.0
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#### Middle East / North Africa (Egypt, Saudi, Libya, Mauritania, Jordan)
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- 19 Fajr entries, 4 Isha entries
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- Latitude range: 18N to 32N
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- Fajr D0: 12.7-19.5 (Egypt urban vs Jordan pristine)
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- Egypt NRIAG multi-site mean: 14.56 (consistent across 6 sites)
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- Saudi Hail desert: 14.0 (SQM+photoelectric, 32 nights)
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- Libya Tubruq: 13.48 (1053 naked-eye observations)
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- Jordan pristine: 19.5 (naked-eye, very dark sites)
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#### Europe / UK
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- 4 Fajr entries, 2 Isha entries
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- Latitude: 51.2N to 53.7N
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- Fajr D0: 15.0-18.0 (Blackburn to Ankara)
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- Isha D0: 15.0 (Exmoor, Blackburn)
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### Interpretation Notes
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1. Sky quality is the dominant factor in D0 variation. Pristine sites consistently produce 17-19 degree angles, while urban sites produce 12-14 degrees. This is not measurement error but reflects when the twilight signal becomes distinguishable from artificial sky glow.
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2. The Egypt NRIAG studies show remarkable consistency (14.5-14.7) across desert and Mediterranean sites, suggesting this is a robust estimate for low-LP Middle Eastern sites.
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3. The LAPAN 16.51 degree mean across 8 Indonesian stations is a good representative value for the region's typical sky quality.
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4. The 100k-row target in the PRI is aspirational. Published per-night observation data worldwide totals approximately 4,500-5,000 records (dominated by OpenFajr Birmingham). Reaching 10,000+ requires institutional data sharing.
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## Sources
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See `aggregate_d0_values.csv` for the full structured dataset with coordinates, methods, and citations.
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